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Theda Skocpol (born May 4, 1947) is an American sociologist and political scientist at Harvard University. She served from 2005 to 2007 as Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. She is influential in sociology as an advocate of the historical-institutional and comparative approaches, and well known in political science for her "state autonomy theory". Skocpol has written widely for both popular and academic audiences. In 2007, Skocpol was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science, one of the world's most prestigious prizes in political science.〔http://www.svd.se/dynamiskt/kultur/did_14913020.asp〕 In 2002-3, Skocpol was president of the American Political Science Association. ==Biography== Skocpol was born in Detroit, Michigan and completed her undergraduate education at Michigan State University (B.A., 1969). She went on to Harvard (Ph.D., 1975), where she studied with Barrington Moore Jr. She married Bill Skocpol in 1967, a physicist who taught at Boston University, and has one son, Michael Skocpol, born in 1988 and a graduate of Brown University. In 1979, she published ''States and Social Revolutions'', a comparative analysis of social revolutions in Russia, France, and China. Some of her subsequent work focused on methodology and theory, including the co-edited volume ''Bringing the State Back In'', which heralded a new focus by social scientists on the state as an agent of social and political change. In the early 1980s, she publicly alleged that Harvard had denied her tenure (1980) because she was a woman, a charge which was found to be justified by an internal review committee in 1981, by which point she was teaching at the University of Chicago. In 1985, Harvard offered her a tenured position (its first ever for a female sociologist), which she accepted. In more recent years, her work has focused specifically on the United States, including the award-winning ''Protecting Soldiers and Mothers'', a historical analysis of the American welfare state. She has also focused on civic engagement, spearheading research charting the history of voluntary associations over the last two centuries. Her 2003 work, ''Diminished Democracy'', seeks to explain the decline of American civic participation in recent decades. In this area, she has differed strongly with her Harvard colleague Robert Putnam and other social capital theorists, in highlighting the role of institutional changes (include state policies) in shaping civic life. Skocpol works at Harvard as a Professor of Government and Sociology, studying social policy and civic engagement in the U.S. She acted as Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences from 2005–2007 and as Director of the Center for American Political Studies from 2000-2006. She served as President of both the Social Science History Association and the American Political Science Association, and was recognized in 2007 for her "visionary analysis of the significance of the state for revolutions, welfare, and political trust, pursued with theoretical depth and empirical evidence" with the Johan Skytte Prize. She was given the Woodrow Wilson Award in 1993 for the best book in political science. Today, according to her profile on the Harvard Kennedy School website, she studies “inequality in American society, women and public policy, and the development of voluntary associations in U.S. history to elucidate recent transformations within the American polity.” Skocpol's works and opinions have been associated with the structuralist school. As one example, she argues that social revolutions can best be explained given their relation with specific structures of agricultural societies and their respective states. She gives equal importance to the role of international forces, especially their influence on state and social structures of a given society. Such an approach differs greatly from more "behaviorist" ones, which tend to emphasize the role of "revolutionary populations" "revolutionary psychology" and/or "revolutionary consciousness" as determinant factors of revolutionary processes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Theda Skocpol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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